Selection and Accumulation of an HIV-1 Escape Mutant by Three Types of HIV-1-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Recognizing Wild-Type and/or Escape Mutant Epitopes

Selection and accumulation of an HIV-1 escape mutant by three types of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognizing wild-type and/or escape mutant epitopes.

It is known that cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognizing HIV-1 escape mutants are elicited in HIV-1-infected individuals, but their role in the control of HIV-1 replication remains unclear. We investigated the antiviral ability of CTLs recognizing the HLA-A*24:02-restricted Gag28 -36 (KYKLKHIVW) epitope and/or its escape mutant (KYRLKHIVW) elicited in the early and chronic phases of the infe...

Selection and accumulation of an HIV - 1 escape mutant by three 1 types of HIV - 1 - specific CTLs recognizing wild - type and / or 2 escape mutant epitopes 3 4

Determinants of HIV-1 Mutational Escape From Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes

CD8+ class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) usually incompletely suppress HIV-1 in vivo, and while analogous partial suppression induces antiretroviral drug-resistance mutations, epitope escape mutations are inconsistently observed. However, escape mutation depends on the net balance of selective pressure and mutational fitness costs, which are poorly understood and difficult to stud...

Different abilities of escape mutant-specific cytotoxic T cells to suppress replication of escape mutant and wild-type human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in new hosts.

There is much evidence that in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals, strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune pressure results in the selection of HIV-1 mutants that have escaped from wild-type-specific CTLs. If escape mutant-specific CTLs are not elicited in new hosts sharing donor HLA molecules, the transmission of these mutants results in the accumulati...

Partial escape of HIV-1 from cytotoxic T lymphocytes during chronic infection.

Viral mutational escape from CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is typically considered to be a dichotomous process and uncommon during chronic HIV-1 infection. Ex vivo passaging of HIV-1 from persons with chronic infection, however, revealed the evolution of many fixed substitutions within and around CTL-targeted regions, with an associated increase in replicative capacity. This indicates a...